USS Nassau (LHA 4)

USS NASSAU was the fourth ship in the TARAWA-class and like her sister ships, NASSAU integrated complex weapons systems, automated cargo handling, and state-of-the-art propulsion into a huge hull, forming a ship with a wide range of mission capabilities, including amphibious warfare, anti-surface warfare, anti-air warfare, and power projection ashore, utilizing helicopters and Very Short Take-Off and Landing (VSTOL) Aircraft. USS NASSAU was decommissioned on March 31, 2011, and subsequently towed to Beaumont, Tx., for lay-up. In April 2021, NASSAU departed Beaumont under tow for Brownsville, Tx., to be scrapped by Steel Coast Co.

Crew List:

This section contains the names of sailors who served aboard USS NASSAU. It is no official listing but contains the names of sailors who submitted their information.

About the Ship's Name:

USS NASSAU was named in commemoration of the first amphibious landing conducted by the Continental Navy and Continental Marines during the American Revolutionary War. The operation took place on March 3-4, 1776, on New Providence Island in the Bahamas, where American forces captured two British fortifications protecting the colonial capital of Nassau. The landing marked the first amphibious combat operation carried out by the Continental Marines, who had been established by the Continental Congress on November 10, 1775.

In the opening months of the Revolutionary War, American forces faced a serious shortage of gunpowder, artillery and other military supplies. British authorities maintained considerable stocks of these materials at Nassau, an important port and administrative center in the Bahamas. Seeking to obtain these supplies, Commodore Esek Hopkins, the first Commander in Chief of the Continental Navy, led a squadron of American warships from the Delaware Bay area on February 17, 1776. The squadron included the Continental Navy vessels ALFRED, COLUMBUS, ANDREW DORIA, CABOT, PROVIDENCE and WASP. After assembling near Abaco Island in the Bahamas on March 1, Hopkins prepared an expedition against New Providence.

On March 3, 1776, approximately 234 Continental Marines and 50 sailors, commanded by Captain Samuel Nicholas, landed on the eastern end of New Providence Island. Nicholas, who had received the first commission issued to an officer of the Continental Marines, directed the landing force toward Fort Montagu, which guarded the eastern approaches to Nassau Harbor. The British defenders fired several warning shots before abandoning the fort, allowing the Americans to occupy it without casualties. The landing force remained at Fort Montagu overnight before advancing toward Nassau the following morning.

On March 4, the Americans entered Nassau and took possession of Fort Nassau without further armed resistance. The British colonial governor, Montfort Browne, had already arranged for most of the island's gunpowder to be transported to St. Augustine, Florida, preventing the Americans from capturing the principal supply they had sought. Nevertheless, the expedition secured a substantial quantity of military equipment, including nearly 90 cannon, 15 mortars, artillery ammunition and other stores. The captured weapons and supplies represented a useful addition to the limited resources available to the Continental forces.

After securing the island, Hopkins ordered the captured artillery and military stores loaded aboard his ships. The American fleet remained at Nassau for nearly two weeks before departing on March 16, 1776, taking Governor Browne and two other British officials as prisoners. Although the operation failed to capture most of the stored gunpowder, it demonstrated the ability of the Continental Navy and Marines to conduct a coordinated landing against a British-held position beyond the North American mainland.

The Nassau expedition became an important early event in the history of American naval amphibious warfare. It established a precedent for the employment of naval forces to transport and support troops conducting operations ashore, a mission that would remain central to the development of the U.S. Marine Corps and the Navy's amphibious forces.

USS NASSAU (LHA 4) was the second U.S. Navy ship to bear the name. The first was the BOGUE-class escort carrier USS NASSAU (ACV 16, later CVE 16), commissioned on August 20, 1942, which served in the Pacific during World War II. Unlike the amphibious assault ship, the escort carrier was named after Nassau Sound, a coastal waterway in northeastern Florida. The naming of USS NASSAU (LHA 4) specifically commemorated the Continental Navy and Marine Corps landing at New Providence in March 1776.

About the Ship's Coat of Arms:

USS NASSAU's crest symbolizes the ship's historic name and heritage, relationship with the Marine Corps, and unique capabilities.

The eagle and foul anchor design in the center is a reproduction of the design first used by Sailors and Marines during the American Revolution. The date "1776" on the anchor stock refers to the Battle of Nassau. The crimson banner contains five gold stars, commemorating the battle stars awarded to the first USS NASSAU (CVE 16). It also contains the Latin phrase "Prima Ab Mare" which means "First from the Sea" reflecting the significance of the Battle of Nassau, as well as the ship's modern capabilities and mission. The sea and sky represent the ship's ability to conduct surface and air operations. Finally, the anchor chain with the ship's name and hull number symbolize the unification of the Navy and Marine Corps team.

History of USS NASSAU:

USS NASSAU (LHA 4) was the fourth TARAWA-class amphibious assault ship and the second U.S. Navy ship to bear the name. Originally assigned the name LEYTE GULF and subsequently BOXER during the planning stages, the ship received the name NASSAU before completion. Her keel was laid at Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation in Pascagoula, Mississippi, on August 13, 1973, and she was launched on January 21, 1978. NASSAU was christened on January 28, 1978, sponsored by Jane C. Wilson, wife of General Louis H. Wilson Jr., Commandant of the Marine Corps.

Following construction, fitting-out and acceptance trials, NASSAU was commissioned at Pascagoula on July 28, 1979, with Captain William A. Kearns Jr. in command. The ship combined the capabilities of several earlier types of amphibious warfare ships, including helicopter carriers, amphibious transport docks and dock landing ships. Her full-length flight deck, aircraft elevators, hangar, well deck, vehicle storage facilities and medical spaces enabled her to embark and support a Marine expeditionary force equipped with helicopters, vertical/short takeoff and landing aircraft, amphibious vehicles and landing craft. After commissioning, NASSAU was assigned to the Atlantic Fleet with Norfolk, Virginia, as her homeport.

During the first months of commissioned service, NASSAU conducted initial training, equipment evaluations and amphibious operations in the western Atlantic and Caribbean. In October 1979, less than three months after commissioning, the ship deployed to reinforce the American naval base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, in response to regional security requirements. Her participation in the operation resulted in the award of the Meritorious Unit Commendation. Following the assignment, NASSAU continued shakedown training and preparations for regular fleet service.

During 1980, NASSAU underwent maintenance and operational training in the Atlantic and Caribbean operating areas. These activities included aviation qualifications, amphibious exercises, engineering evaluations and training with embarked Marine Corps units. The ship also prepared for operations involving Marine Corps AV-8A Harrier aircraft, which could operate from her flight deck without the catapults or arresting gear required by conventional carrier aircraft.

On March 16, 1981, NASSAU received orders to prepare for a short-notice Mediterranean deployment with a large contingent of Marine Corps Harrier aircraft. Twenty AV-8A Harriers from Marine Attack Squadrons 231 and 542 were embarked, forming a specially organized aviation group for the mission. The deployment was intended to demonstrate the ability of an amphibious assault ship to provide additional tactical aviation capability in response to operational requirements.

On April 13, 1981, NASSAU departed Norfolk in company with the aircraft carrier USS AMERICA (CV 66), beginning her Mediterranean deployment. This was the first operational deployment of a group of AV-8A Harriers aboard an amphibious assault ship in a configuration resembling a small aircraft carrier. During the Atlantic crossing, the embarked Marine Corps squadrons conducted flight operations and training while the ship proceeded toward the Mediterranean.

On April 20, 1981, an AV-8A Harrier crashed into the sea shortly after taking off from NASSAU. The pilot ejected and was recovered, suffering a fractured leg and minor contusions. The accident occurred during the early phase of the deployment and was followed by an investigation. Flight operations subsequently continued as NASSAU maintained her scheduled transit toward the Mediterranean.

On April 22, 1981, NASSAU passed through the Strait of Gibraltar and entered the Mediterranean Sea. The following day, she conducted her first underway refueling with the Military Sealift Command oiler USNS NEOSHO (T-AO 143). During May and June, NASSAU participated in NATO exercises, including Daily Double and Encounterex, while maintaining the embarked Harrier force available for operational assignments.

As the Lebanese civil war continued and the security situation around Beirut deteriorated, NASSAU was assigned to maintain a contingency presence off the Lebanese coast. The ship remained prepared to assist in the evacuation of American citizens and diplomatic personnel if required. Her aviation capabilities provided additional flexibility for reconnaissance, transportation and possible support of an evacuation operation. During June 1981, NASSAU also assisted the ammunition ship USS NITRO (AE 23), which had suffered a machinery-space fire while operating in the Mediterranean. The incident required assistance and repair support in Souda Bay, Crete. NASSAU subsequently proceeded westward toward Spain and visited Naval Station Rota from June 17 to 19.

On June 26, 1981, NASSAU provided support to the rescue and salvage ship USS EDENTON (ATS 1) during towing operations. Following completion of her assignment, NASSAU crossed the Atlantic and returned to Norfolk on June 29, 1981. The deployment had demonstrated the operational use of a concentrated Marine Corps Harrier force from an amphibious assault ship while also involving NATO training and contingency operations in the eastern Mediterranean.

After post-deployment leave and maintenance, NASSAU resumed operational training off the U.S. East Coast. Preparations for her next deployment included amphibious exercises, aviation training and coordination with the Marine Corps units scheduled to embark.

On January 19, 1982, NASSAU departed Norfolk for a five-and-a-half-month deployment to the Mediterranean Sea and Indian Ocean, carrying the 34th Marine Amphibious Unit. During the cruise, she participated in four major amphibious operations, including NATO Exercise Distant Drum 82. The exercises involved the movement of Marines and equipment ashore, coordination of landing craft and helicopters, and combined training with allied forces.

The deployment included port visits to St. Thomas in the U.S. Virgin Islands; Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Mombasa, Kenya; Ashdod, Israel; Athens, Greece; Toulon, France; Barcelona, Spain; and Rota, Spain. NASSAU operated in both Mediterranean and Indian Ocean waters, providing aviation and amphibious support for the embarked Marines while conducting training with regional military forces. She returned to Norfolk on June 30, 1982.

Following approximately six weeks of post-deployment leave and maintenance, NASSAU began preparations for NATO exercises in northern European waters. On August 25, 1982, she embarked personnel and equipment from Brigade Service Support Group Four at Morehead City, North Carolina. NASSAU subsequently joined a convoy of 25 other ships crossing the Atlantic under simulated wartime conditions for Exercises United Effort and Short Engagement.

During September 1982, NASSAU participated in Exercises Northern Wedding and Bold Guard, two major NATO exercises intended to rehearse reinforcement of northern Europe during a possible conflict with the Warsaw Pact. On September 7, Marine Corps Harrier aircraft flew aboard, and two days later they conducted live bombing training off the northwestern coast of Scotland. On September 12, four Marine Corps OV-10 Bronco aircraft departed the ship for an exercise base in Denmark.

During Northern Wedding, NASSAU supported the landing of Marines near Esbjerg, Denmark, as part of a coordinated amphibious operation involving American and allied forces. Exercise Bold Guard subsequently included amphibious landings on the Danish island of Lolland and at Putlos Bay in West Germany. Approximately 160 ships and 250 aircraft participated in Northern Wedding, making it one of the largest NATO naval exercises conducted during NASSAU's early service.

Following the exercises, NASSAU arrived at Portsmouth, England, on September 30, 1982, for a port visit lasting approximately two weeks. During the return passage across the Atlantic, the ship successfully completed a missile-firing exercise. NASSAU arrived at Norfolk on October 30, 1982. On November 30, she began an Airborne Mine Countermeasures Readiness Inspection at Lynnhaven Anchorage, becoming the first LHA to complete this type of inspection.

During the opening months of 1983, NASSAU conducted training in the western Atlantic and Caribbean. She subsequently participated in Exercise Solid Shield, a major amphibious exercise involving Navy, Marine Corps and other American military forces. The exercise included landing operations, helicopter movements and coordination between participating commands.

On August 1, 1983, a Marine Corps OV-10A Bronco landed aboard NASSAU, marking the first landing of that aircraft type on a Tarawa-class amphibious assault ship. The tests examined the possibility of operating the short-takeoff-and-landing aircraft from the ship's flight deck and required particular attention to crosswinds, approach procedures and the available landing distance. The successful landing provided additional information for evaluating the use of fixed-wing aircraft in amphibious operations.

On August 20, 1983, NASSAU embarked more than 1,000 U.S. Army soldiers and approximately 180 vehicles for transportation to Central America in support of Exercise Ahuas Tara II, also known as Big Pine. The operation involved combined military training in Honduras and Panama during a period of heightened political and military tensions in Central America.

On August 25 and 26, 1983, NASSAU disembarked the majority of the soldiers and vehicles at Puerto Cortes and Puerto Castilla, Honduras. On August 28, she delivered additional Army personnel and landing craft to Colon, Panama. The operation was the first occasion on which NASSAU had transported a large Army force for a military exercise. Following completion of the mission, the ship returned to Norfolk on September 2, 1983.

During the remainder of 1983, NASSAU conducted training and prepared for another deployment to the Mediterranean. The continuing conflict in Lebanon and the deployment of the Multinational Force in Beirut placed additional demands on American amphibious forces, which were required to maintain evacuation and military support capabilities in the eastern Mediterranean.

In early 1984, NASSAU departed Norfolk for operations in northern European waters and participation in NATO Exercise Teamwork 84. Following the northern European exercise phase, she proceeded to the Mediterranean to support American military operations associated with the Multinational Force in Lebanon. The ship carried the 24th Marine Amphibious Unit and maintained aviation, amphibious and logistical capabilities in support of the Marines operating in the region.

During the Mediterranean phase, NASSAU supported operations associated with the withdrawal and repositioning of American forces following the October 1983 bombing of the Marine barracks in Beirut. The ship remained available for helicopter transportation, medical evacuation and other contingency requirements. Throughout the deployment, she conducted additional amphibious training and maintained communications with American naval and diplomatic authorities in the region.

From May 15 to 20, 1984, NASSAU visited Haifa, Israel, following 46 consecutive days at sea. On May 21, she embarked a group of midshipmen for their summer training cruise. The ship recorded its 20,000th aircraft landing on May 29, reflecting the extensive aviation operations conducted since commissioning.

From June 18 to 22, 1984, NASSAU made another port visit to Haifa, during which a second group of midshipmen embarked and the first group disembarked. The ship returned to Haifa on July 4 for a longer port and maintenance period that continued until July 23. From July 13 to 23, she received repair and logistical support from the destroyer tender USS PUGET SOUND (AD 38).

On July 31, 1984, NASSAU completed the backload of Marines who had been supporting operations associated with the American Embassy in Beirut. She departed the eastern Mediterranean on August 2 and proceeded westward toward Spain. On August 6, the ship conducted a missile exercise, and on August 8 she arrived at Naval Station Rota for equipment cleaning, logistical preparations and the transition to her homeward passage.

NASSAU departed the Mediterranean and returned to Second Fleet operational control on August 11, 1984. From August 20 to 22, the ship completed a Supply Management Inspection during the Atlantic crossing. On August 22 and 23, she disembarked elements of the 24th Marine Amphibious Unit at Onslow Bay and Morehead City, North Carolina, and embarked more than 200 family members for a Tiger Cruise to Norfolk. NASSAU returned to her homeport on August 24, 1984. During the deployment, she had steamed approximately 30,082 nautical miles, spent 157 days at sea and completed nearly 8,000 aircraft landings.

During September 1984, NASSAU temporarily left Norfolk and moved to an anchorage in Chesapeake Bay as Hurricane Diana threatened the Hampton Roads area. The ship remained at hurricane anchorage from September 11 to 14. On September 29, she served as the venue for the Commander, Naval Surface Force Atlantic change-of-command ceremony.

On October 25, 1984, NASSAU entered Norfolk Shipbuilding and Drydock Corporation for a repair availability. Maintenance included repairs to her boilers and ballast systems and the installation of additional communications equipment. The ship was drydocked from November 2 to 6 and again from November 19 to December 2. Following completion of the work, she conducted sea trials and resumed operational training in December.

During the spring of 1985, NASSAU served as flagship for Exercise Universal Trek, which included amphibious landing operations in Honduras. The exercise involved combined training with American military forces and regional partners in Central America. NASSAU subsequently participated in another Exercise Solid Shield, conducting amphibious operations and supporting the movement of Marine Corps forces ashore.

During the latter part of 1985, NASSAU participated in NATO Exercise Ocean Safari 85 in the North Atlantic. The exercise involved the protection of transatlantic shipping routes, maritime surveillance and combined naval operations under simulated wartime conditions. NASSAU provided amphibious and aviation capabilities while operating with American and allied forces.

In February 1986, NASSAU entered Norfolk Naval Shipyard for a Complex Overhaul lasting approximately ten months. The overhaul involved extensive maintenance of her steam propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery, electrical systems, aviation facilities and amphibious equipment. The work also included inspections, repairs and modernization intended to support continued fleet operations. Following completion of the overhaul, NASSAU resumed sea trials, aviation training and operational evaluations. During the subsequent training cycle, she conducted flight deck qualifications for AV-8B Harrier II aircraft and completed Refresher Training at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. The training restored the ship's operational certifications in preparation for another overseas deployment.

On September 29, 1987, NASSAU departed Norfolk as flagship of Marine Amphibious Readiness Group 4-87 for a six-month deployment to the Mediterranean. The ship carried Marine Corps aviation and landing force units, including AV-8B Harrier II aircraft from Marine Attack Squadron 231. The deployment marked the first operational use of the AV-8B Harrier II in the Mediterranean from an American amphibious assault ship. During the cruise, NASSAU participated in five amphibious assaults and several multinational training exercises. These included Exercise African Eagle, conducted with U.S. Air Force personnel and Moroccan military forces. The exercise involved combined air and amphibious operations, coordination with participating ground forces and logistical support for the embarked Marines.

The deployment also included port visits and community assistance activities in several Mediterranean countries. NASSAU personnel assisted with painting and repair projects at nursing homes in Israel and France, planted approximately 7,000 trees on a fire-damaged hillside in France and participated in blood donation and community programs in Spain. The ship's crew also hosted visits by children from local organizations during port calls.

After completing the exercises and scheduled operations, NASSAU departed the Mediterranean and returned to Norfolk on March 29, 1988. Following post-deployment maintenance, the ship conducted additional readiness training and underwent an inspection by the Board of Inspection and Survey in June.

During August 1988, NASSAU departed Norfolk for NATO Exercise Teamwork 88, serving as flagship for Commander, Amphibious Strike Force, and Commander, Marine Striking Force Atlantic. The exercise involved naval and Marine forces operating in the North Atlantic and northern European waters and included preparations for amphibious reinforcement of NATO's northern flank. On September 13, 1988, during the exercise, an American tank landing ship ran aground while participating in operations off northern Europe. NASSAU subsequently embarked soldiers and equipment from the affected vessel and continued the planned amphibious training. Two days later, she participated in a landing operation in northern Norway. Following the exercise, NASSAU visited Hamburg, West Germany, before returning to Norfolk in mid-October.

In early November 1988, NASSAU departed Norfolk carrying approximately 81,000 pounds of humanitarian relief supplies for Jamaica, which had been severely damaged by Hurricane Gilbert in September. During the voyage, NASSAU encountered an unseaworthy vessel carrying 172 Haitian nationals and rescued the occupants, subsequently transferring them to the Coast Guard for medical assistance and further processing.

After reaching Kingston, Jamaica, NASSAU delivered the relief supplies and supported recovery work ashore. Sailors, Marines and Seabees assisted with repairs to the roofs of three primary schools and participated in the distribution of emergency supplies. The ship returned to Norfolk on November 19, 1988.

Following maintenance and training during the first months of 1989, NASSAU prepared for another Mediterranean deployment. On May 30, 1989, she departed Norfolk as flagship of Marine Amphibious Ready Group 2-89, with the staff of Commander, Amphibious Squadron Eight embarked. The group included USS SHREVEPORT (LPD 12) and USS BARNSTABLE COUNTY (LST 1197), with the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit embarked among the ships.

On June 12, 1989, NASSAU arrived at Naval Station Rota, Spain, where the Amphibious Ready Group completed its turnover with the units it was relieving. After leaving Rota, the group conducted an amphibious landing exercise in the Sierra del Ret�n training area, involving helicopter and landing craft operations with Battalion Landing Team 2/8 and other elements of the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit.

During the deployment, NASSAU operated in the eastern Mediterranean and conducted exercises and port visits with allied forces. In late July, the ship departed Haifa, Israel, shortly after Israeli forces captured Sheikh Abdul Karim Obeid in Lebanon. The incident increased regional tensions and prompted American naval forces to maintain readiness for possible evacuation or other contingency operations.

For approximately one month, NASSAU remained available for missions associated with the developing situation in the eastern Mediterranean. The ship's command and aviation facilities supported the activities of U.S. Sixth Fleet, while she also handled personnel, mail and cargo transfers between ships operating in the area. Vice Admiral J. D. Williams, Commander, Sixth Fleet, held meetings with senior naval commanders aboard NASSAU during the deployment.

Later in the cruise, NASSAU participated in NATO Exercise Display Determination 89 and conducted amphibious training in Turkey. Following completion of her eastern Mediterranean commitments, she proceeded westward and visited Lisbon, Portugal, for a short repair and maintenance period. The ship subsequently participated in Exercise Galera 89 with Portuguese naval and Marine forces before returning to the United States.

In early February 1990, NASSAU departed Norfolk for operations in the Caribbean in support of a meeting between President George H. W. Bush and the presidents of Colombia, Bolivia and Peru. The summit, held in Cartagena, Colombia, focused on international cooperation against narcotics trafficking. NASSAU served as a support platform for American personnel and equipment involved in the presidential visit, an assignment known as Operation Topkick.

Following completion of the operation, NASSAU proceeded toward Florida and conducted an underway replenishment with a fleet support ship. On February 19, 1990, the ship recorded her 50,000th aircraft landing, conducted by a CH-46 helicopter from Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 264. NASSAU arrived at Fort Lauderdale, Florida, on February 21 for a port visit and subsequently proceeded to Morehead City to disembark the Marines. She returned to Norfolk on February 26, 1990.

During the following months, NASSAU conducted maintenance and training in preparation for another overseas deployment. The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990, resulted in the rapid deployment of American military forces to Saudi Arabia and surrounding waters under Operation Desert Shield. NASSAU received short-notice orders to deploy as part of the amphibious force being assembled in the Middle East.

On August 18, 1990, NASSAU departed Norfolk for the Middle East after approximately eight days of accelerated preparations. The ship had embarked elements of the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade and served as flagship for Commander, Amphibious Task Force, and the brigade's commanding general. NASSAU's aviation, command-and-control and logistical facilities supported the operation as U.S. and coalition forces established positions in Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula.

On September 6, 1990, NASSAU transited the Suez Canal southbound and continued through the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. On September 14, she arrived in the Gulf of Oman, where she joined other American amphibious forces preparing for operations in support of Desert Shield. During the following months, NASSAU participated in readiness exercises, amphibious training and the movement of personnel and supplies among ships and shore installations.

On November 22, 1990, President George H. W. Bush and First Lady Barbara Bush visited NASSAU for Thanksgiving. The presidential party included General H. Norman Schwarzkopf, Commander in Chief, U.S. Central Command, and members of Congress. The visit took place during the continuing military buildup in the region, when American and coalition forces were preparing for the possibility of offensive operations against Iraqi forces occupying Kuwait.

During December 1990 and January 1991, NASSAU participated in preparations for possible amphibious operations. These included exercises from the Sea Soldier series and Exercise Imminent Thunder, which rehearsed the movement of landing forces, helicopter assaults and the coordination of supporting naval and Marine Corps units. The amphibious force maintained the capability to conduct an assault along the Kuwaiti coast while coalition forces prepared their ground and air campaigns.

Operation Desert Storm began on January 17, 1991, with coalition air attacks against Iraqi military targets. During the campaign, NASSAU continued to provide command, aviation, medical and logistical support to the amphibious forces operating in the region. Her personnel handled supplies, spare parts, mail and equipment transferred between ships and supported the movement of Marine Corps units preparing for possible landing operations.

On February 24, 1991, coalition ground forces began the campaign to liberate Kuwait. NASSAU maintained amphibious readiness while other naval and Marine Corps forces conducted operations intended to complicate Iraqi defensive preparations. On February 26, Marine Corps helicopters operating from NASSAU, USS GUAM (LPH 9) and USS IWO JIMA (LPH 2) participated in air operations associated with diversionary attacks against Iraqi positions on Bubiyan and Failaka islands. These activities supported the broader amphibious deception effort during the final phase of the ground campaign.

Following the suspension of major coalition offensive operations, NASSAU remained in the region for additional logistical and military support assignments. The ship subsequently began her return passage through the Red Sea and Mediterranean and completed her deployment on April 20, 1991, after approximately eight months away from Norfolk.

During the remainder of 1991, NASSAU underwent post-deployment maintenance and resumed training in the western Atlantic. During March 1992, she participated in NATO Exercise Teamwork, carrying more than 1,000 sailors and Marines and serving as flagship for Commander, Amphibious Group Two, and the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade. The exercise involved operations in northern European waters and training intended to improve the ability of NATO forces to reinforce allied positions.

Later in 1992, NASSAU entered Norfolk Naval Shipyard for an extensive Complex Overhaul. The modernization program cost approximately $115 million and involved major improvements to engineering, communications and shipboard combat systems. Among the modifications was installation of the Rolling Airframe Missile System, which replaced earlier point-defense missile equipment. The overhaul also included habitability improvements and extensive maintenance of the ship's propulsion machinery and amphibious facilities. NASSAU completed the overhaul in September 1993 and resumed sea trials and operational training. During the latter part of the year and the opening months of 1994, she underwent inspections and exercises to restore her readiness for amphibious operations.

During the political crisis in Haiti, NASSAU was assigned as flagship for Commander, Joint Task Force 120, under Operation Support Democracy. The operation was associated with American and international efforts to restore the elected government of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide following the 1991 military coup. Marine Corps personnel, helicopters and landing craft embarked aboard NASSAU as the task force prepared for possible intervention or evacuation requirements.

In April 1994, NASSAU participated in Exercise Agile Provider 94, a major joint exercise organized by U.S. Atlantic Command. The exercise included units from several branches of the armed forces and tested amphibious command-and-control procedures, logistical coordination and the deployment of landing forces.

On October 20, 1994, NASSAU departed Norfolk for a Mediterranean deployment with the DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER (CVN 69) Battle Group and associated amphibious forces. The deployment took place during continuing international military operations in the former Yugoslavia, where NATO and United Nations forces were involved in the enforcement of sanctions and the protection of humanitarian assistance activities.

During the cruise, NASSAU entered the Adriatic Sea on five occasions in support of Operations Sharp Guard, Deny Flight and Provide Promise. Sharp Guard involved enforcement of United Nations sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, while Deny Flight was the NATO operation enforcing restrictions on military flights over Bosnia and Herzegovina. Provide Promise supported the delivery of humanitarian relief supplies to civilians affected by the war.

NASSAU maintained an aviation and amphibious capability for Combat Search and Rescue operations associated with the NATO air missions. The ship also conducted bilateral and multinational training with forces from Spain, Morocco, Italy, France, Greece and Israel. These exercises included amphibious landing operations, aviation training and the coordination of U.S. Marine Corps units with regional military forces. Following completion of her assigned operations, NASSAU departed the Mediterranean and returned to Norfolk on April 16, 1995. During the remainder of the year, she underwent maintenance and participated in training exercises along the U.S. East Coast.

In January 1996, while moored at Naval Station Norfolk, NASSAU was affected by a severe windstorm during which gusts reached approximately 73 knots. The ship broke away from her moorings and struck Pier Charlie and a civilian tugboat. The incident was subsequently investigated.

During February 1996, NASSAU visited New Orleans, Louisiana, in connection with the Mardi Gras celebrations. While returning to Norfolk, she received orders to proceed toward the waters north of Cuba following the destruction of two civilian Cessna aircraft operated by Brothers to the Rescue. Cuban military aircraft had shot down the planes over international waters on February 24, increasing tensions between Cuba and the United States.

NASSAU participated in Operation Sentinel Lifeguard, supporting search and rescue operations in the area where the civilian aircraft had been lost. Her helicopters, medical facilities and command capabilities were available to assist the operation. Following completion of the assignment, the ship resumed operations along the U.S. East Coast.

In May 1996, NASSAU participated in Exercise Purple Star, a major combined American-British amphibious exercise. The exercise involved naval, air and ground units from the United States and the United Kingdom and included extensive landing operations, command-and-control training and logistical support for forces ashore. NASSAU served as an amphibious platform for the participating Marine Corps units.

In November 1996, NASSAU departed Norfolk for another Mediterranean deployment with the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit embarked. The Amphibious Ready Group included USS NASHVILLE (LPD 13) and USS PENSACOLA (LSD 38). The deployment involved training and regional contingency operations during continued instability in the Balkans and Central Africa.

During March 1997, NASSAU participated in Operation Silver Wake, the evacuation of American citizens and other foreign nationals from Albania following widespread unrest caused by the collapse of financial investment schemes and the breakdown of public order. NASSAU and the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit supported the movement of evacuees from Albania to safety aboard the amphibious ships. More than 800 people from 22 countries were evacuated during the operation.

While operating off Albania, NASSAU also rescued 85 refugees from two vessels in distress. Her aviation and medical personnel assisted with the rescue and subsequent care of those brought aboard. Following the Albanian evacuation, NASSAU received orders to proceed toward the coast of Zaire as violence and political instability threatened the security of foreign nationals in Kinshasa. The ship steamed approximately 5,123 nautical miles toward the central African coast in preparation for Operation Guardian Retrieval, a planned noncombatant evacuation operation.

NASSAU and elements of the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit remained on station for approximately one month, maintaining readiness to assist in the evacuation of civilians from Zaire. Other elements of the Marine expeditionary unit remained in the Mediterranean aboard USS NASHVILLE and USS PENSACOLA, supporting contingency requirements associated with the NATO Stabilization Force in Bosnia.

On May 2, 1997, USS KEARSARGE (LHD 3) and the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit assumed responsibility for the contingency mission. NASSAU subsequently began her homeward transit and returned to Norfolk during May 1997.

During July 1997, NASSAU participated in the Joint Warrior Interoperability Demonstration 97, a multinational command, control, communications, computers and intelligence exercise. The event involved military facilities and ships in the United States and allied countries and tested the exchange and use of operational information among different military systems. NASSAU served as one of the participating naval platforms at Norfolk. During June 1998, NASSAU participated in Exercise Maritime Commanders Operational Training/Unified Spirit 98, a multinational exercise involving Canadian, American and NATO forces. The exercise focused on combined maritime operations, joint command arrangements and military activities associated with peace enforcement operations.

In November 1998, NASSAU departed Norfolk for another Mediterranean deployment with the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit embarked. The deployment occurred during increasing tensions in the Balkans, particularly in Kosovo, where fighting between Serbian security forces and ethnic Albanian groups had led to international diplomatic efforts and the threat of NATO military intervention.

NASSAU spent the beginning of 1999 in Barcelona, Spain, before proceeding to Naval Station Rota for a scheduled port visit. After leaving Rota, the embarked Marines participated in a Spanish amphibious exercise, and the ship subsequently proceeded eastward toward Crete. During January and February 1999, NASSAU conducted port visits and operations in the eastern Mediterranean, including visits to Souda Bay, Crete. The ship maintained readiness for possible evacuation and other contingency operations as NATO and international diplomatic representatives attempted to resolve the Kosovo conflict.

On February 18, 1999, NASSAU arrived at Souda Bay for a two-day port visit. On February 20, she departed again to resume operations in the area. During the following weeks, Marines from the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit participated in Exercise Alexander the Great, a combined training event in Greece. Following the exercise, NASSAU proceeded to Valletta, Malta. During the approach to the port, two Marine Corps CH-46 Sea Knight helicopters transported President Ugo Mifsud Bonnici of Malta, U.S. Ambassador Kathryn L. Proffitt and accompanying officials to the ship for a visit. NASSAU subsequently entered Valletta for a scheduled port call.

As diplomatic negotiations over Kosovo failed, NASSAU received orders to leave Malta and proceed toward the Aegean Sea. The ship completed preparations and departed within approximately seven hours, taking up a position where her embarked aviation units could support the recovery of personnel from downed NATO aircraft. On March 24, 1999, NATO began Operation Allied Force, an air campaign against targets in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. NASSAU's mission was changed from normal amphibious operations to Tactical Recovery of Aircraft and Personnel. The ship remained in the eastern Mediterranean, maintaining helicopters and Marine Corps personnel available for rescue missions associated with the NATO air operations.

After completing her assigned duties, NASSAU began her return voyage across the Atlantic and arrived at Norfolk on May 13, 1999. Following post-deployment leave, the ship prepared for an extensive maintenance period.

On June 28, 1999, NASSAU departed Norfolk for Naval Weapons Station Earle, New Jersey, to offload ammunition. On July 15, she was moved to Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, Virginia, to begin a nine-month Complex Overhaul. The overhaul included extensive maintenance of the ship's propulsion, engineering, firefighting and damage-control systems. The firemain and Aqueous Film Forming Foam systems were modified with improved valves, fire pumps three and four were converted from steam turbine to electrical power, and a new Damage Control Quarters system was installed. The port propeller was replaced, and both main boilers underwent major overhaul.

Following completion of the shipyard work, NASSAU passed a Light-Off Assessment and conducted sea trials from March 17 to 20, 2000. The ship subsequently resumed operational training and preparations for another Mediterranean deployment.

On April 26, 2000, NASSAU departed Norfolk for the southern Puerto Rican operating area to conduct a missile exercise. Following completion of the exercise, she visited Fort Lauderdale, Florida, for approximately four days in connection with the Fort Lauderdale Air and Sea Show on May 6 and 7. During the event, NASSAU anchored in the area and hosted visitors who observed the air show from the flight deck. On June 16, 2000, NASSAU anchored in Hampton Roads and hosted approximately 1,200 guests during the arrival of vessels participating in OpSail 2000. The event involved more than 150 ships and sailing vessels from over 60 countries. Guests aboard NASSAU included Admiral Vernon E. Clark, Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, and several government officials.

From June 26 to 30, 2000, NASSAU visited Naval Weapons Station Earle to load ammunition in preparation for deployment. After leaving Earle, the ship proceeded to New York Harbor to participate in the International Naval Review 2000. On July 4, she hosted approximately 2,000 guests during the Independence Day events, including General James L. Jones, Commandant of the Marine Corps. From July 5 to 8, 2000, NASSAU was moored at the former Staten Island Naval Station, where more than 12,000 visitors toured the ship. Following the visit, she returned to her normal training schedule. On July 10, Commodore William J. Luti, Commander, Amphibious Squadron Two, embarked aboard NASSAU.

From July 13 to 21, 2000, NASSAU participated in a PHIBRON/MEU Integration Exercise with the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit. During the exercise, the ship embarked more than 1,200 Marines and 52 vehicles and practiced the coordination of shipboard aviation, landing craft, combat support and amphibious operations. Further underway training followed from September 5 to 14. From October 9 to 28, 2000, NASSAU participated in a Joint Task Force Exercise involving the Amphibious Ready Group and the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit. The exercise included live amphibious assault training on Vieques, Puerto Rico, and additional operations with the USS HARRY S. TRUMAN (CVN 75) Battle Group. From October 18 to 20, NASSAU completed an equipment washdown at Naval Station Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico.

After completing the final pre-deployment preparation period, NASSAU departed Norfolk in late November 2000 for a six-month Mediterranean deployment. The Amphibious Ready Group proceeded to the North Carolina coast to embark the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit before beginning the Atlantic crossing on December 1. On December 11, 2000, NASSAU arrived at Naval Station Rota, Spain, where the group entered the operational control of U.S. Sixth Fleet. She departed Rota on December 14 and conducted an amphibious exercise with Spanish naval forces before proceeding through the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean.

At approximately 3 a.m. on December 20, 2000, NASSAU encountered an overloaded boat that was drifting and taking on water. The small vessel, designed for approximately seven passengers, carried 30 men. NASSAU maneuvered alongside and launched a rescue operation, recovering 29 of the occupants.

On December 23, 2000, NASSAU arrived at Brindisi, Italy, for a port visit lasting until January 4, 2001. The crew spent Christmas and New Year's Day in port, with a number of personnel participating in religious and cultural activities ashore. Following the visit, NASSAU proceeded to Valletta, Malta, arriving on January 8 for a four-day port visit. The ship hosted a reception for U.S. Ambassador Kathryn Proffitt during the stay.

NASSAU departed Malta on January 11, 2001, and continued westward to Palma de Mallorca, Spain, where she remained from January 16 to 21. The next port visit was Cartagena, Spain, from January 25 to 29. After departing Cartagena, NASSAU proceeded to Toulon, France, arriving on February 2 for a maintenance and liberty period lasting until February 5. Following the Toulon visit, NASSAU participated in an amphibious training exercise at Capo Teulada, Sardinia, with the embarked 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit. The exercise included the landing and recovery of personnel and vehicles, helicopter operations and coordination between the naval and Marine Corps commands.

After the Sardinian exercise, NASSAU proceeded to Taranto, Italy, where she remained from February 28 to March 5, 2001. She subsequently returned to Valletta, Malta, for another port visit from March 13 to 16. From March 17 to April 9, 2001, NASSAU participated in Exercise Atlas Hinge off the coast of North Africa. The exercise involved combined operations with regional military forces and included amphibious and ground training by the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit. Following completion of Atlas Hinge, NASSAU returned to the Adriatic Sea while Marines from the expeditionary unit participated in Exercise Slunj 2001 in Croatia.

During the Croatian exercise period, NASSAU visited Rijeka, Croatia. On April 20, the ship hosted a reception for U.S. Ambassador Lawrence Rossin and other guests. After the Marines completed their training and returned aboard, NASSAU departed the Adriatic and proceeded westward.

From May 3 to 8, 2001, NASSAU made her final Mediterranean port visit at Rota, Spain. During the visit, the Amphibious Ready Group completed its turnover with the relieving group led by USS KEARSARGE. NASSAU subsequently left the Mediterranean and began her Atlantic crossing. On May 21, 2001, NASSAU arrived at Onslow Bay, North Carolina, where the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit disembarked. On May 23, family members joined the crew for a Tiger Cruise during the final passage to Norfolk. The ship returned to Naval Station Norfolk on May 24, 2001.

Following post-deployment leave, NASSAU proceeded to Naval Weapons Station Earle on June 23, 2001, to offload ammunition in preparation for a Planned Maintenance Availability. On July 30, the ship entered Metro Machine Shipyard in Norfolk for approximately four months of maintenance and repairs. The availability included extensive work on the engineering plant and the refurbishment of berthing and working spaces. NASSAU completed a Light-Off Assessment on October 29 and an Initial Assessment on November 16, 2001. The ship subsequently resumed operational preparations while the Navy adjusted deployment schedules in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11 and the beginning of Operation Enduring Freedom.

During the first months of 2002, NASSAU underwent accelerated readiness training in preparation for possible early deployment. From February 24 to 27, she loaded ammunition at Naval Weapons Station Earle and subsequently conducted a missile exercise in the Puerto Rican operating area. During this period, the crew also made a three-day visit to St. Thomas in the U.S. Virgin Islands.

From April 1 to 4, 2002, NASSAU successfully completed an inspection by the Board of Inspection and Survey. Further exercises followed from April 16 to 24, when the ship conducted PHIBRON/MEU Integration Training. From June 3 to 12, the Amphibious Ready Group participated in a Marine Expeditionary Unit/Amphibious Ready Group Exercise, followed by a Special Operations Capability Exercise from June 19 to 27. During July 2002, NASSAU completed additional aviation qualifications and final pre-deployment preparations. The ship held a Family Day Cruise on July 26 before entering the final preparation period for the scheduled Mediterranean deployment.

On August 26, 2002, NASSAU departed Norfolk as flagship of Mediterranean Amphibious Ready Group 03-02. The group also included USS AUSTIN (LPD 4) and USS TORTUGA (LSD 46). The ships proceeded to Onslow Bay, North Carolina, to embark the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable), completing the embarkation between August 26 and 28.

On August 29, 2002, the Amphibious Ready Group departed the North Carolina coast and began its Atlantic crossing. The ships arrived at Naval Station Rota, Spain, on September 7 and entered the operational control of U.S. Sixth Fleet. Due to limited pier availability, NASSAU remained at anchor during the visit. On September 9, 2002, NASSAU departed Rota and proceeded through the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean. The ship arrived at Thessaloniki, Greece, on September 16, where the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit disembarked for participation in Exercise Dynamic Response in Kosovo. The exercise was associated with NATO's continuing military presence and peace-support operations in the region.

Following the Marine Corps offload, NASSAU proceeded into the Adriatic Sea and visited Rijeka, Croatia, from September 27 to 30. On September 28, the ship hosted a reception for U.S. Ambassador Lawrence G. Rossin and other officials. From October 1 to 4, 2002, NASSAU participated in Croatian PHIBLEX, a combined amphibious exercise with Croatian forces. The training involved the coordination of landing forces, helicopter operations and amphibious ship-to-shore movements. Following the exercise, the ship proceeded to Marmaris, Turkey, for a port visit from October 11 to 14.

NASSAU subsequently returned to Thessaloniki, Greece, where the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit reembarked from October 20 to 22. After completing the embarkation, NASSAU proceeded eastward toward the Suez Canal. On October 26, the ship entered the U.S. Fifth Fleet area of operations and transited the canal southbound, continuing into the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

During November and December 2002, NASSAU operated in the Gulf of Oman and waters around the Horn of Africa in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. Elements of the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit participated in Exercise Nautilus in Djibouti from November 7 to 16, followed by Exercise Edged Mallet from November 27 to December 11. The exercises included amphibious and ground training in desert and coastal environments.

On December 26, 2002, NASSAU transited the Strait of Hormuz into the Arabian Gulf and proceeded to Manama, Bahrain. The ship remained in port from December 28 until January 1, 2003, before departing on January 2 for further operations. From January 4 to 24, 2003, elements of the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit participated in Exercise Iron Magic with military forces of the United Arab Emirates. The exercise included combined tactical training, ground operations and logistical support activities. NASSAU provided aviation and amphibious support for the embarked Marines while operating in the region.

Following completion of Iron Magic, NASSAU continued operations in the Arabian Gulf and returned to Manama, Bahrain, for a second port visit from February 2 to 4, 2003. On February 6, the ship departed Bahrain, passed through the Strait of Hormuz and resumed operations in the Gulf of Aden. From February 6 to 8, 2003, Rear Admiral W. C. Marsh, Commander, Task Force 51, embarked aboard NASSAU. On February 12, the ship also received a visit from Rear Admiral M. P. Nowakowski, Commander, Amphibious Group Two. The visits took place as American forces continued preparations for possible military operations against Iraq.

During February 2003, NASSAU received notice that her deployment, originally scheduled to end in March, would be extended until April 30. The extension followed the increasing deployment of American and coalition forces to the Middle East as diplomatic efforts to resolve the dispute over Iraq's weapons programs continued. NASSAU remained in the Gulf of Aden until March 10, when she received orders to return to the Arabian Gulf. The ship transited the Strait of Hormuz and proceeded to operating areas from which she could support the amphibious and logistical requirements of American forces preparing for operations in Iraq.

On March 20, 2003, American and British forces began Operation Iraqi Freedom. Although NASSAU was approaching the scheduled beginning of her return transit, she received another deployment extension and was directed to support the movement of Marine Corps personnel and equipment into Kuwait. NASSAU proceeded northward in the Arabian Gulf and began disembarking elements of the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit for operations ashore. The Marines subsequently joined American and coalition forces engaged in military operations in Iraq. AV-8B Harrier aircraft assigned to the expeditionary unit's aviation combat element also conducted missions in support of the ground campaign.

On April 1, 2003, a Marine Corps AV-8B Harrier crashed into the sea during a nighttime landing approach to NASSAU. The pilot ejected from the aircraft and was recovered by a rescue helicopter launched from the ship. The aviator survived and received medical treatment aboard NASSAU.

During April 2003, NASSAU continued supporting the Marines operating ashore. Her activities included helicopter operations, logistical assistance, medical support and coordination of the movement of personnel and equipment between the ship and shore facilities. From April 19 to 23, 2003, NASSAU made her third and final port visit to Manama, Bahrain, during the deployment. The visit provided an opportunity to receive supplies and conduct maintenance while the embarked Marines prepared to return to the ship.

Between April 24 and 29, 2003, personnel and equipment of the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit were brought back aboard NASSAU. After completion of the embarkation, the ship departed the operating area on April 30 and began the return passage toward the United States. On May 2, 2003, NASSAU transited the Strait of Hormuz for the final time during the deployment. She proceeded through the Gulf of Oman and Red Sea and reached the Suez Canal on May 11. After passing northward through the canal, the ship entered the Mediterranean and returned to the operational control of U.S. Sixth Fleet. NASSAU continued westward without a scheduled liberty port visit and passed through the Strait of Gibraltar on May 17.

During the Atlantic crossing, NASSAU experienced two separate incidents involving missing crew members. On May 23, 2003, Aviation Boatswain's Mate (Fuels) Third Class Dwane Williams fell overboard while pursuing a football on an exterior deck. The ship immediately began search and rescue operations, including the use of small boats and helicopters. Despite an extensive search lasting several hours, Williams was not recovered.

On May 25, 2003, Hospital Corpsman First Class Shaun Dale was reported missing after failing to appear for a departmental muster. NASSAU reversed course to retrace the area where he had last been seen, while shipboard personnel conducted searches of compartments and other spaces. Dale was not located. On May 26, 2003, NASSAU arrived off Morehead City, North Carolina, where the embarked Marines and their equipment were disembarked. Following completion of the Marine Corps offload, family members joined the ship for a Tiger Cruise during the final passage to Norfolk.

On May 29, 2003, NASSAU returned to Naval Station Norfolk following a deployment lasting 277 days. During the homecoming, the ship displayed a Homeward Bound Pennant measuring approximately 400 feet. The pennant was subsequently divided among the commanding officer and eligible crew members in accordance with naval tradition.

Following post-deployment leave, NASSAU began preparations for another extended maintenance period. On July 10, 2003, she departed Naval Station Norfolk and entered Dry Dock Number Eight at Norfolk Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, Virginia, to begin a Drydocking Planned Maintenance Availability. The maintenance program included major repairs and inspections of the hull, propulsion machinery, auxiliary systems and amphibious facilities. On September 18, 2003, Hurricane Isabel passed through the Hampton Roads region. NASSAU was secured in dry dock and did not sustain storm damage, although preparations and subsequent cleanup delayed the availability by approximately two weeks.

NASSAU completed the maintenance period and returned to sea in early April 2004 for post-availability trials. During the following months, the ship resumed training and underwent a series of operational assessments in preparation for future expeditionary missions. During June 2004, NASSAU served as flagship during Combined Joint Task Force Exercise 04-2, also known as Operation Blinding Storm. The exercise involved approximately 28,000 American and allied military personnel and tested command arrangements, intelligence coordination, amphibious operations and the movement of forces during a large joint operation. Personnel from the United Kingdom and the Netherlands participated aboard NASSAU during the exercise.

During the remainder of 2004 and the opening months of 2005, NASSAU conducted additional training and maintenance while preparations continued for her next deployment. The work included inspections and repairs to equipment, aviation qualifications and operational planning with the staff of the Expeditionary Strike Group.

On March 23, 2005, a Marine Corps MV-22B Osprey assigned to Marine Tiltrotor Operational Test and Evaluation Squadron 22 conducted flight deck operations aboard NASSAU off the Virginia coast. The trials formed part of the evaluation of the aircraft's suitability for operating from amphibious assault ships and involved assessments of landing procedures and flight deck compatibility.

From May 5 to 21, 2005, NASSAU participated in Operation New Horizons in Haiti, which supported reconstruction projects following the damage caused by Hurricane Jeanne in September 2004. NASSAU assisted with the return of approximately 85 Seabees and Marines who had been participating in construction and humanitarian projects in Haiti. The ship transported personnel and equipment from the Caribbean toward the United States.

During the summer of 2005, NASSAU continued Expeditionary Strike Group training, including combined exercises with other ships and the embarked Marine expeditionary force. In September, the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit completed a Certification Exercise and received its Special Operations Capable certification.

On November 7, 2005, NASSAU departed Norfolk for a six-month deployment as flagship of Expeditionary Strike Group Eight, with the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit embarked. The force included USS AUSTIN, USS CARTER HALL (LSD 50), USS CAPE ST. GEORGE (CG 71), USS WINSTON S. CHURCHILL (DDG 81), USS ARLEIGH BURKE (DDG 51) and USS NORFOLK (SSN 714). After crossing the Atlantic and entering the Mediterranean, NASSAU proceeded toward the Middle East. During the deployment, Expeditionary Strike Group Eight conducted maritime security operations in the U.S. Fifth Fleet area of responsibility and participated in training intended to improve cooperation with allied and regional naval forces.

NASSAU operated in the Arabian Gulf, Gulf of Oman and adjacent waters in support of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. The deployment included visits to Naval Station Rota, Spain; Kuwaiti ports; Mina Salman, Bahrain; Djibouti; and Palma de Mallorca, Spain. During these visits, the ship received logistical support and conducted maintenance while the crew and embarked Marines participated in training and regional activities.

During the deployment, NASSAU also supported operations associated with Combined Task Force 150, the multinational maritime security organization operating in the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden and surrounding waters. Senior officers from participating nations visited the ship to discuss operational coordination and regional maritime security activities. The deployment also included assistance to a disabled merchant vessel off Kenya.

Following completion of her assignments, NASSAU began her homeward passage through the Mediterranean and Atlantic. On May 4, 2006, she returned to Naval Station Norfolk following approximately six months of deployment. During the remainder of 2006, NASSAU underwent post-deployment maintenance and resumed operational training. In early 2007, the ship was assigned to a short-notice deployment to the Mediterranean to participate in regional maritime security training.

During March and April 2007, NASSAU operated in the Mediterranean and participated in Exercise Phoenix Express 2007, a multinational exercise involving naval and maritime security forces from North African and European countries. Other American participants included USS KAUFFMAN (FFG 59) and the Military Sealift Command oiler USNS PATUXENT (T-AO 201). Phoenix Express included maritime interdiction training, search and rescue procedures, tactical maneuvering, communications and medical support exercises. The participating forces included personnel from Algeria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Tunisia, Turkey and the United States. NASSAU returned to Norfolk during May 2007 following completion of the deployment.

During the latter part of 2007, NASSAU resumed training with her Expeditionary Strike Group and embarked Marine Corps units. The ships conducted a Composite Training Unit Exercise to prepare for a scheduled deployment to the U.S. Fifth and Sixth Fleet areas of operations. The training included amphibious operations, coordinated maritime security missions and evaluations of the group's command-and-control procedures.

On February 20, 2008, NASSAU departed Norfolk for another deployment as flagship of the Nassau Expeditionary Strike Group. The deployment involved operations in the Mediterranean, Arabian Sea and Arabian Gulf, including maritime security patrols and exercises with regional naval forces. Following the Atlantic crossing, NASSAU visited Naval Station Rota, Spain, before continuing into the Mediterranean. Additional port visits included Valletta, Malta, and Naples, Italy. During these periods, the ship conducted logistical support activities and prepared for multinational maritime security exercises.

From April 8 to 22, 2008, NASSAU participated in Exercise Phoenix Express 2008. The exercise involved naval and maritime security forces from countries bordering the Mediterranean and North Africa. Other American ships participating included USS NASHVILLE, USS JOHN L. HALL (FFG 32) and USNS PATUXENT. Phoenix Express 2008 focused on maritime surveillance, interdiction procedures, search and rescue, tactical communications and coordination between participating forces. The exercise was conducted in waters of the Mediterranean and involved naval, aviation and boarding personnel from the participating countries.

Following completion of the exercise, NASSAU proceeded toward the Middle East and entered the U.S. Fifth Fleet area of operations. During May and June 2008, she conducted maritime security operations in the Arabian Gulf and adjacent waters, supporting the presence of American and coalition naval forces in the region. Her embarked helicopters and Marine Corps personnel maintained readiness for regional contingency operations. After completing her scheduled assignments, NASSAU began her return voyage through the Mediterranean and Atlantic. On July 11, 2008, she arrived at Naval Station Norfolk following a deployment of approximately five months.

On December 3, 2008, NASSAU entered the BAE Systems Norfolk Ship Repair facility for a Planned Maintenance Availability. The maintenance program included repairs and inspections of the ship's engineering, aviation and amphibious systems and continued into the spring of 2009. Following completion of the work, NASSAU conducted sea trials during May 2009 before resuming operational training. During August 2009, NASSAU began integration exercises with the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit in preparation for another deployment. The training involved amphibious operations, aviation qualifications and the coordination of landing force movements. In October, the Nassau Expeditionary Strike Group conducted a Composite Training Unit Exercise, completing the principal operational preparations for the scheduled deployment.

On January 18, 2010, NASSAU departed Norfolk for what would become her final overseas deployment, accompanied by USS MESA VERDE (LPD 19) and USS ASHLAND (LSD 48). The three ships were assigned to Amphibious Squadron Eight with the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit embarked. The deployment was originally intended to support maritime security and regional operations in the U.S. Fifth and Sixth Fleet areas of responsibility.

On January 19, 2010, while the Amphibious Ready Group was preparing to proceed overseas, the ships received orders to divert to Haiti, which had been struck by a devastating earthquake on January 12. The earthquake had caused extensive destruction in Port-au-Prince and surrounding areas, severely damaging hospitals, roads, communications and other essential infrastructure. The United States had begun Operation Unified Response to provide humanitarian assistance and support international relief efforts.

After embarking the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit near Morehead City, North Carolina, NASSAU and the accompanying ships proceeded toward Haiti. On January 23, 2010, NASSAU arrived off Port-au-Prince and began receiving earthquake casualties for treatment in the ship's medical facilities. Helicopters transported patients and medical personnel between the shore and NASSAU, while the embarked Marines assisted with relief operations.

During the following days, NASSAU provided medical care, aviation support and logistical assistance to the relief effort. Her medical department treated injured civilians brought aboard from shore, while helicopters and landing craft supported the movement of personnel, equipment and supplies. The ship worked alongside other American Navy and Coast Guard units and international humanitarian organizations responding to the disaster.

The NASSAU Amphibious Ready Group remained off Haiti during the opening weeks of Operation Unified Response. By early February, improvements in the organization of relief operations ashore enabled the ships to resume their original deployment commitments. On February 7, 2010, NASSAU, USS MESA VERDE and USS ASHLAND departed Haitian waters and continued toward the Mediterranean and Middle East.

During the remainder of the deployment, NASSAU conducted maritime security operations and training in the U.S. Fifth and Sixth Fleet areas of responsibility. Her embarked Marine expeditionary force remained available for contingency operations while the ships conducted regional security and cooperation missions. The deployment included operations in the Mediterranean, Red Sea and Arabian Sea regions. Following completion of her assigned operations, NASSAU began her return passage to the United States. On August 15, 2010, she arrived at Naval Station Norfolk, completing her final overseas deployment after approximately seven months away from homeport.

During September 2010, NASSAU proceeded to Naval Weapons Station Earle, New Jersey, to offload ammunition and begin preparations for inactivation. In November, she conducted her final underway period before returning to Norfolk for the remaining stages of the decommissioning process. Equipment, supplies and records were subsequently removed or transferred as the crew prepared the ship for retirement.

On March 31, 2011, NASSAU was decommissioned at Naval Station Norfolk after nearly 32 years of commissioned service. Following decommissioning, the ship was transferred to the Navy's inactive fleet and subsequently placed in reserve at Beaumont, Texas. NASSAU remained in the inactive fleet at Beaumont for approximately ten years. On December 8, 2020, her status was changed from retention in reserve to non-retention, permitting disposal through the Navy's ship recycling program. On April 22, 2021, ex-NASSAU departed the Beaumont Reserve Fleet under tow for Brownsville, Texas, where she had been assigned for dismantling and recycling by SteelCoast. The former amphibious assault ship arrived at the Port of Brownsville on April 30, 2021, and was delivered to the company's ship recycling facility.

Date	Where	Events
April 20, 1981	Atlantic	An AV-8A Harrier crashes into the sea shortly after taking off from NASSAU. The pilot ejected and was recovered, suffering a fractured leg and minor contusions. The accident occurred during the early phase of a Mediterranean deployment and was followed by an investigation. Flight operations subsequently continued as NASSAU maintained her scheduled transit toward the Mediterranean.
January 1996	Naval Station Norfolk, Va.	NASSAU broke away from a pier mooring at Naval Station Norfolk in a wind gust front of approx. 73 knots and struck Pier Charlie and a civilian tugboat. No information about the damage.
April 1, 2003	Persian Gulf	A U.S. Marine Corps aviator, conducting a routine night training mission, ejected from his AV-8B Harrier at 7:40 p.m. local time (11:40 a.m. EST) while attempting to land on the USS NASSAU. The aircraft plunged into the water as the pilot ejected. A search and rescue helicopter from NASSAU recovered the pilot, who was in fair condition.
May 23, 2003	900 miles off Virginia	Dwayne Williams, a 23-year old petty officer third class from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was chasing a football Friday morning when he tripped and fell over the side of the ship, plunging 70 feet into the Atlantic. Within 5 minutes a RHIB was dispatched from USS NASSAU and within 10 minutes a helicopter arrived on scene to take part in the search. The search was terminated after 9 hours when it became to dark to keep trying. A memorial service for Williams was held the next morning aboard USS NASSAU.
May 25, 2003	off the US East Coast	HM1 Shaun Dale is reported missing after he fails to report for a departmental muster. The ship reverses course to retrace her route, from the time Petty Officer Dale was last seen earlier that morning until the time he was reported missing. Several space-by-space searches of the ship were also conducted throughout the day, but he was never found.

Date

Where

Events

April 20, 1981

Atlantic

An AV-8A Harrier crashes into the sea shortly after taking off from NASSAU. The pilot ejected and was recovered, suffering a fractured leg and minor contusions. The accident occurred during the early phase of a Mediterranean deployment and was followed by an investigation. Flight operations subsequently continued as NASSAU maintained her scheduled transit toward the Mediterranean.

January 1996

Naval Station Norfolk, Va.

NASSAU broke away from a pier mooring at Naval Station Norfolk in a wind gust front of approx. 73 knots and struck Pier Charlie and a civilian tugboat. No information about the damage.

April 1, 2003

Persian Gulf

A U.S. Marine Corps aviator, conducting a routine night training mission, ejected from his AV-8B Harrier at 7:40 p.m. local time (11:40 a.m. EST) while attempting to land on the USS NASSAU. The aircraft plunged into the water as the pilot ejected. A search and rescue helicopter from NASSAU recovered the pilot, who was in fair condition.

May 23, 2003

900 miles off Virginia

Dwayne Williams, a 23-year old petty officer third class from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was chasing a football Friday morning when he tripped and fell over the side of the ship, plunging 70 feet into the Atlantic.

Within 5 minutes a RHIB was dispatched from USS NASSAU and within 10 minutes a helicopter arrived on scene to take part in the search.

The search was terminated after 9 hours when it became to dark to keep trying. A memorial service for Williams was held the next morning aboard USS NASSAU.

May 25, 2003

off the US East Coast

HM1 Shaun Dale is reported missing after he fails to report for a departmental muster. The ship reverses course to retrace her route, from the time Petty Officer Dale was last seen earlier that morning until the time he was reported missing. Several space-by-space searches of the ship were also conducted throughout the day, but he was never found.

The photos below were taken by Stefan Karpinski during NASSAU's 2003 deployment in support of Operation Enduring Freedom.

The photos below were taken by me and show the NASSAU at Naval Base Norfolk, Va., on November 9, 2008.

The photos below were taken by me and show the NASSAU at BAE Ship Systems at Norfolk, Va. The photos were taken on February 3, 2009.

The photos below were taken by me and show the NASSAU passing the Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel on her way to Naval Base Norfolk, Va., on October 29, 2010. The last three photos show the NASSAU a few hours later at the Naval Base still having two tugs alongside.